Kindless Philosophy

  Carl Gustav Jung , a Swiss psychiatrist and the founder of Analytical Psychology, was a key figure in the early development of psychoanalysis alongside Freud. After diverging from Freud, Jung developed Analytical Psychology , which emphasizes both the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious, including the archetypes it contains. The primary aim of this approach is psychological growth and self-realization. Jung explicitly describes the methodology of Analytical Psychology as phenomenological . This means it focuses on subjective experiences, events, and the observable facts they reveal. For Jung, psychological truth is a matter of existence itself, rather than a judgment or evaluation. For instance, when discussing the motif of the “ virgin birth ” in psychology, the focus is not on its factual accuracy but on its presence as an idea. In this way, psychology examines the existence of certain ideas without assessing their objective truth. Within this framework, psychol...

  Wonhyo was a leading Buddhist monk of the Silla period. His philosophy focused on harmoniously integrating the doctrines of various Buddhist sects. One of his key concepts was “Hwajaeng(和諍; 화쟁)”. Hwajaeng refers to his effort to harmonize doctrines rather than opposing them, based on his belief that the teachings of the contemporary Yogacara school and Madhyamaka school essentially point to the same truth. Motoori Norinaga advocated for Japan’s indigenous culture and identity through the Kokugaku movement. He viewed “Shinto(神道; しんどう)” as a pure Japanese religion that had not been influenced by foreign ideologies. Consequently, he believed that the kami (gods) of Shinto are closely connected to the daily lives of the Japanese people, thereby maintaining their moral values and social order. Confucius ’ “知之者不如好之者” (Zhī zhī zhě bùrú hào zhī zhě) literally means “Those who know are not as good as those who like, and those who like are not as good as those who enjoy.” In other words,...